The Structure of English

Linguistics/English 394
Spring 2011
Prof. Suzanne Kemmer
Rice University

Assignment 4

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Owlspace

Do the following exercises and problems and upload your file to the Assignments module in Owlspace. Type your name on the first page somewhere near the top in your Word file. Give your file a title with your last name in it and the assignment number, e.g. murphyasgn2.doc or similar.

Honor Code:
As before, try the questions by yourself first, but you can compare with others if you wish.

For the parsing part of the assignment, use the same Honor code guidelines as before. Briefly, draw the trees yourself.

As before, some will feel the need to check a dictionary for the parts of speech, and that is not prohibited. But be aware that dictionaries primarily use traditional grammar and do not apply the kinds of criteria that modern linguists use to work out what part of speech a word is. Try to reason out what part of speech a word might be, based on what you've learned from book and class.

Part I. Exercises from or based on textbook

Ch. 9

1. Instead of using the imperative construction, speakers of English often use closed interrogatives to get the addressee to act in a particular way. Give 2 examples of actually occurring sentences which illustrate this. (Collect from things you hear people say, from novels or other published work, or from internet.) Why did the speaker in each case use an interrogative? (Answer in one or two sentences max.)

2. Some minor main clause types in English are illustrated on p. 172, example (32) of the textbook. The examples are divided into 5 types, most of which are not named or described by our authors. What do the examples within each number have in common? In other words, what distinguishes the different types of clauses in the numbers (i)-(iv). Can you think of any other kinds of minor clause types in English? Think of sayings, nursery rhymes, prayers, or other special formulaic language.

Ch. 10

3. Textbook p. 182, #6.

Ch. 7

4. Textbook p. 148, #4.

Part II. Sentence Analysis: Parsing and tree drawing

5. Parse the following sentence of English. Remember to label each node marking a constituent with both structure (syntactic category) and function. Use the online program phpsyntaxtree to draw the tree. (Link is in Owlspace resources.)
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© 2011 Suzanne Kemmer
Last modified 4 April 2011

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