Clinical Psychology
•	Mental Illness
•	Legal mental illness defense
•	Therapy
Mental Illness
•	Reality
•	Diagnoses
•	Underlying Causes
•	Mental illness defense
The Reality of Mental Illness
•	Frequent argument that mental illness is not real
–	Sociological: Labeling theory
–	Szasz
•	Cross-cultural realities and symptoms
Diagnosis
•	Many attempt at different diagnostic categories
•	Is diagnosis necessary?
•	Unreliability 
•	Rosenhan
Underlying Causes
•	Typically the disease model
•	Seen as malfunction of something normal
–	Not obvious this should be the case
–	Cancer vs. food poisoning
•	Usually in terms of current metaphors
–	Humors
–	Bad neurons
•	Cognitive vs. emotional vs. behavioral
The Mental Illness Defense
•	M’Naghten
•	Durham
•	Model Penal Code
M'Naghten Right-Wrong Test
•	Brief history
•	"At the time of the committing of the act, the party accused was laboring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing, or if he did know it that he did not know he was doing what was wrong“
The Durham Test
•	Tries to be more psychologically astute
•		"An accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect“
The Model Penal Code Test
•	Used in many states including Texas
•		"(1) A person is not responsible for criminal conduct if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the criminality (wrongfulness) of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law. (2) As used in this article, the terms "mental disease or defect" do not include an abnormality manifested only by repeated criminal or otherwise anti-social behavior"

Therapy
•	Psychodynamic
•	Insight
•	Behavioral
•	Cognitive
•	Pharmacological
Effectiveness of Therapy
•	Hard to measure success or improvement
–	Therapist
–	Patient
–	Friends and family
–	Objective tests
•	Control groups
•	Placebos